Bandwagon
Example 1: Animal Farm (By George Orwell)
“In
the novel Animal Farm, George Orwell uses bandwagon technique
effectively. At the very beginning, a song “Beasts of England” seems to
be very appealing and catchy, because everyone picks it up so swiftly as if
they like the idea. Again, we see this technique when Boxer, a powerful and
loyal animal on the farm, promotes bandwagon propaganda inadvertently with his
work ethics, as he always tries to work hard. He maintains the view that, “If
Comrade Napoleon says it, it must be right.” This shows he wishes to
follow Comrade Napoleon and his ideas.
Bandwagon
technique continues to exist as the animal only accept the ideals and
changing commandments because other animals are doing the same. Another
bandwagon technique comes out when Mollie is curious to know whether she will
be able to wear precious ribbons and have sugar after Rebellion. However,
Snowball informs her that they symbolize slavery and Mollie
accepts this without any resistance, although she never believes it.”
Example 2: Julius Caesar (By William
Shakespeare)
In William Shakespeare’s play, Julius Caesar, Mark Antony delivers
his famous speech
at the funeral of Caesar, which is a brilliant example of bandwagon. Mark
Antony has delivered this magnificent speech to win over the favor of the
audience. He negates excuses that Brutus had made, though he had calmed down
the public and persuaded them that Caesar had to die for their good. Antony
comes forward and tells them that he hopes the crowd would not riot, and
convinces them that Cassius and Brutus were murderers and responsible for
ripping apart the town. Speaking on a personal level, Antony grabs public
attention as he leaves his position and, being a commoner saying, “Friends,
Romans, Countrymen.”
Name Calling
Example 1: “Sometimes there is an implied threat
that if you make an unpopular decision or arrive at a conclusion that isn’t favored, a negative label will
be applied to you. For instance, someone might say, ‘Only a naive moron would
believe that’ to influence your attitude on an issue. This strategy of anticipatory name calling makes
it difficult for you to declare that you favor the negatively valued belief
because it means that you make yourself look like a ‘naive moron.’ Anticipatory
name-calling can also invoke positive group memberships, such as asserting that
‘all true Americans will agree . . .’ or ‘people in the know think that . . ..’
Anticipatory name calling is a shrewd tactic that can be effective in shaping
people’s thinking.”
(Wayne Weiten, Psychology: Themes and Variations, 9th ed. Wadsworth, 2013) “Sometimes there is an implied threat
that if you make an unpopular decision or arrive at a conclusion that isn’t favored, a negative label will
be applied to you. For instance, someone might say, ‘Only a naive moron would
believe that’ to influence your attitude on an issue. This strategy of anticipatory name calling makes
it difficult for you to declare that you favor the negatively valued belief
because it means that you make yourself look like a ‘naive moron.’ Anticipatory
name-calling can also invoke positive group memberships, such as asserting that
‘all true Americans will agree . . .’ or ‘people in the know think that . . ..’
Anticipatory name calling is a shrewd tactic that can be effective in shaping
people’s thinking.”
(Wayne Weiten, Psychology: Themes and Variations, 9th ed. Wadsworth, 2013)
“In politics,
association is often accomplished by name-calling–linking a person or idea to
a negative symbol. The persuader hopes that the receiver
will reject the person or idea on the basis of the negative symbol, rather than
by examining the evidence. For example, those who oppose budget
cuts may refer to fiscally conservative politicians as ‘stingy,’ thus creating
a negative association, although the same person could equally be referred to
as ‘thrifty’ by supporters. Similarly, candidates have a list of negative words
and phrases that they use when speaking about their opponents. Some of these
are betray, coercion, collapse, corruption,
crisis, decay, destroy, endanger, failure, greed, hypocrisy, incompetent,
insecure, liberal, permissive attitude, shallow, sick, traitors, and unionized.”
(Herbert W. Simons, Persuasion in Society.
Sage, 2001)
Example 2:
“Sometimes
there is an implied threat that if you make an unpopular decision or arrive at
a conclusion that isn’t favored, a negative
label will be applied to you. For instance, someone might say, ‘Only a naive
moron would believe that’ to influence your attitude on an issue. This strategy
of anticipatory name calling makes
it difficult for you to declare that you favor the negatively valued belief
because it means that you make yourself look like a ‘naive moron.’ Anticipatory
name-calling can also invoke positive group memberships, such as asserting that
‘all true Americans will agree . . .’ or ‘people in the know think that . . ..’
Anticipatory name calling is a shrewd tactic that can be effective in shaping
people’s thinking.”
(Wayne Weiten, Psychology: Themes and Variations, 9th
ed. Wadsworth, 2013)
